![]() ![]() It forms in Autumn when Arctic or Antarctic temperatures cool rapidly as the polar night begins. The stratospheric polar vortex is an area of high-speed, cyclonically rotating winds around 15 km to 50 km high, poleward of 50°, and is strongest in winter. The stratospheric and tropospheric polar vortices both rotate in the direction of the Earth's spin, but they are distinct phenomena that have different sizes, structures, seasonal cycles, and impacts on weather. The term polar vortex can be used to describe two distinct phenomena the stratospheric polar vortex, and the tropospheric polar vortex. ![]() Polar vortices also exist on other rotating, low- obliquity planetary bodies. A more typical weak tropospheric polar vortex on January 5, 2014Ī circumpolar vortex, or simply polar vortex, is a large region of cold, rotating air that encircles both of Earth's polar regions.
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